Madhyamaka - Wikipedia
Madhyamaka - Wikipedia - Haqqında Məlumat
Madhyamaka və ya madhyamika (sanskr. मध्यमक, madhyamakaIAST; hərfi mənada – "orta yol", çin. 中觀宗), həmçinin şunyavada (hərfi mənada – "Şunyata təlimi") və nihsvabhavavada (hərfi mənada – "svabhavasız təlim") — Naqarcuna tərəfindən qurulan mahayana buddist məktəbi.[1] Sarvastivada məktəbinin realizmi ilə yoqaçara məktəbinin idealizmi arasında orta mövqe axtarır.[2] II–IX əsrlərdə Hindistanda inkişaf etmiş, Çin, Tibet, Yaponiyada geniş yayılmışdır. Ardıcıl olaraq buddistlərin nirvanaya nail olmaq üçün orta yolu – "boşluq" konsepsiyasını davam etdirir.[1]
İstinadlar
redaktə- ↑ 1 2 Энциклопедический словарь. 2009. мадхьямика.
- ↑ Encyclopedia Britannica, 14 Oct. 2011, Mādhyamika Arxivləşdirilib 2023-01-13 at the Wayback Machine
Əlavə ədəbiyyat
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- Brunnholzl, Karl, Center of the Sunlit Sky: Madhyamaka in the Kagyu Tradition, Snow Lion Publications, 2004
- Brunnholzl, Karl. Luminous Heart: The Third Karmapa on Consciousness, Wisdom, and Buddha Nature. Shambhala Publications. 2009. ISBN 9781559399142.
- Cabezón, José Ignacio; Dargyay, Lobsang. Freedom from Extremes: Gorampa's "Distinguishing the Views" and the Polemics of Emptiness. Simon and Schuster. 2013. ISBN 9780861718573. 2023-07-27 tarixində arxivləşdirilib. İstifadə tarixi: 2023-01-10.
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- Comans, Michael, The Method of Early Advaita Vedānta: A Study of Gauḍapāda, Śaṅkara, Sureśvara, and Padmapāda, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 2000
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- Garfield, Jay L., The Fundamental Wisdom of the Middle Way, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995
- Garfield, Jay L., Madhyamaka is Not Nihilism (PDF), Smith College, University of Melbourne, 2012, 2021-08-26 tarixində arxivləşdirilib (PDF), İstifadə tarixi: 2023-01-10
- Garfield, Jay L.; Westerhoff, Jan. Madhyamaka and Yogacara: Allies Or Rivals?. Oxford University Press. 2015. ISBN 9780190231293. 2023-07-27 tarixində arxivləşdirilib. İstifadə tarixi: 2023-01-10.
- Gomez, Luis O., "Proto-Mādhyamika in the Pāli canon", Philosophy East and West, 26 (2), 1976: 137–165, doi:10.2307/1398186, JSTOR 1398186, 2016-03-03 tarixində orijinalından arxivləşdirilib, İstifadə tarixi: 2015-12-06
- Harvey, Peter, An introduction to Buddhism. Teachings, history and practices, Cambridge University Press, 1995
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- Hookham, S.K., The Buddha within : Tathagatagarbha doctrine according to the Shentong interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhaga, Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1991, ISBN 978-0791403587
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- Magee, William, The Nature of Things. Emptiness and Essence in the Geluk World, Ithaca, New York: Snow Lion, 1999
- Napper, Elizabeth, Dependent-Arising and Emptiness, 1989, ISBN 0-86171-057-6
- Newland, Guy. Introduction to Emptiness: As Taught in Tsong-kha-pa's Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path. Snow Lion. 2009. ISBN 9781559393324.
- Ng, Yu-kwan, Chih-i and Madhyamika, Hamilton, Ontario: dissertation, McMaster University, 1990, səh. 1, February 3, 2014 tarixində orijinalından arxivləşdirilib
- Ozkan, Cuma. A comparative analysis: Buddhist Madhyamaka and Daoist Chongxuan (twofold mystery) in the early Tang (618-720) (MA). University of Iowa. 2013. doi:10.17077/etd.o9rxrm2t. 2021-08-26 tarixində arxivləşdirilib. İstifadə tarixi: 2023-01-10.
- Renard, Philip, Non-Dualisme. De directe bevrijdingsweg, Cothen: Uitgeverij Juwelenschip, 2010
- Rizzi, Cesare, Candrakirti, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited, 1988
- Ruegg, D. Seyfort, The literature of the Madhyamaka school of philosophy in India (A History of Indian literature), Harrassowitz, 1981, ISBN 978-3-447-02204-0
- Sarma, Chandradhar, The Advaita Tradition in Indian Philosophy, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1996
- Shantarakshita; Ju Mipham, The Adornment of the Middle Way, Padmakara Translation, 2005, ISBN 1-59030-241-9
- Suzuki, Daisetz Teitarō, Studies in the Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1999
- Thich Nhat Hanh, The Heart of Understanding: Commentaries on the Prajnaparamita Heart Sutra, 1988
- Travagnin, Stefania. The Madhyamika Dimension of Yin Shun. A restatement of the school of Nagarjuna in 20th century Chinese Buddhism (PDF) (PhD). University of London. 2009. 2021-03-08 tarixində arxivləşdirilib (PDF). İstifadə tarixi: 2023-01-10.
- Tsondru, Mabja. Ornament of Reason: The Great Commentary To Nagarjuna's Root Of The Middle Way. Shambhala Publications. 2011. ISBN 9781559397421. 2023-07-27 tarixində arxivləşdirilib. İstifadə tarixi: 2023-01-10.
- Tsongkhapa, Lobsang Dragpa; Sparham, Gareth, trans.; in collaboration with Shotaro Iida. Kapstein, Matthew (redaktor). Ocean of Eloquence: Tsong kha pa's Commentary on the Yogacara Doctrine of Mind (tibet və ingilis) (1་). Albany, NY: State University of New York. 1993. ISBN 0791414795. 27 July 2023 tarixində arxivləşdirilib. İstifadə tarixi: 18 December 2012.
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- Walser, Joseph. Nagarjuna in Context: Mahayana Buddhism and Early Indian Culture. Columbia University Press. 2005. ISBN 9780231506236.
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- His Holiness the Fourteenth Dalai Lama (Tenzin Gyatso), The Middle Way: Faith Grounded in Reason, Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2009
- Huntington, C. W., Jr. (1989). The Emptiness of Emptiness: An Introduction to Early Madhyamika. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press
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Xarici keçidlər
redaktə
Vikianbarda Madhyamaka ilə əlaqəli mediafayllar var.
- The Mādhyamika or the Śūnyavāda school, Surendranath Dasgupta, 1940
- Thinking in Buddhism: Nagarjuna's Middle Way
- thezensite: articles on Nagarjuna
- Introduction to the Middle Way A contemporary commentary based on the teachings of Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Madhyamaka
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Nagarjuna
